[
  {
    "category": "Technology",
    "topic": "Number Systems",
    "question": "What is the decimal value of the binary number 1011?",
    "choices": ["9", "11", "13", "15"],
    "answer": 1,
    "explanation": "1011b = 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11."
  },
  {
    "category": "Technology",
    "topic": "Networking",
    "question": "Which port does HTTPS use by default?",
    "choices": ["21", "80", "443", "3306"],
    "answer": 2,
    "explanation": "HTTPS runs over TLS on TCP port 443; plain HTTP uses 80."
  },
  {
    "category": "Technology",
    "topic": "Algorithms",
    "question": "What does the following pseudocode print when run?",
    "choices": ["3", "6", "10", "15"],
    "answer": 2,
    "explanation": "It sums 1..4 (1+2+3+4 = 10). The loop runs while i <= 4.",
    "format": "code"
  },
  {
    "category": "Technology",
    "topic": "Databases",
    "question": "In SQL, which clause filters rows BEFORE grouping?",
    "choices": ["HAVING", "WHERE", "ORDER BY", "GROUP BY"],
    "answer": 1,
    "explanation": "WHERE filters individual rows before aggregation; HAVING filters groups afterward."
  },
  {
    "category": "Technology",
    "topic": "Security",
    "question": "A one-way function that maps data to a fixed-size digest is a…",
    "choices": ["Hash function", "Symmetric cipher", "Digital certificate", "Firewall rule"],
    "answer": 0,
    "explanation": "A cryptographic hash is one-way: you cannot feasibly recover the input from the digest."
  },
  {
    "category": "Management",
    "topic": "Project Management",
    "question": "The critical path of a project network is…",
    "choices": [
      "The shortest path through the network",
      "The longest path, which sets the minimum project duration",
      "The path with the fewest tasks",
      "Any path with slack"
    ],
    "answer": 1,
    "explanation": "The critical path is the longest chain of dependent tasks; delaying any of them delays the project."
  },
  {
    "category": "Management",
    "topic": "Testing",
    "question": "Black-box testing designs test cases based on…",
    "choices": [
      "The internal code structure",
      "The specification's inputs and expected outputs",
      "Compiler warnings",
      "Memory dumps"
    ],
    "answer": 1,
    "explanation": "Black-box testing checks behavior against the spec, treating the implementation as opaque."
  },
  {
    "category": "Strategy",
    "topic": "Accounting",
    "question": "Fixed cost is 100,000; unit price 100; variable cost 60 per unit. What is the break-even quantity?",
    "choices": ["1,000", "2,500", "5,000", "10,000"],
    "answer": 1,
    "explanation": "Break-even units = fixed cost / (price - variable cost) = 100,000 / (100 - 60) = 2,500."
  }
]